Operating Systems Study Materials

Definition, functions, types of OS (batch, time-sharing, real-time, distributed), and OS structure.

Process states, PCB, process creation (fork), inter-process communication (pipes, signals, shared memory).

FCFS, SJF, Priority, Round Robin, Multilevel Queue — criteria and Gantt chart problems.

Critical section problem, mutex, semaphores, monitors, and classic problems (Producer-Consumer, Dining Philosophers).

Conditions for deadlock, resource allocation graph, Banker's algorithm, detection, and recovery.

Contiguous allocation, fragmentation, paging, segmentation, and paged segmentation.

Demand paging, page replacement algorithms (FIFO, LRU, Optimal), thrashing, and TLB.

File organisation, directory structure, FAT, UNIX inodes, file allocation (contiguous, linked, indexed).

I/O hardware, device drivers, disk scheduling (SSTF, SCAN, LOOK), RAID levels.

Access control, authentication, OS security threats, sandboxing, and secure boot.

Basic Linux commands — ls, cd, cp, mv, chmod, grep, pipe, shell scripting basics.

Bash scripting, variables, conditionals, loops, functions, and automation scripts.